The following are a list of General Criteria that can be used to distinguish between popular magazines, trade magazines and scholarly journals. Some journals do not meet all the criteria in one category. Accountability and content of the specific article are the key criteria used to determine if an article is scholarly.
| Popular Magazines | Trade Magazines | Scholarly Journals | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Print:
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Print:
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Print:
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| Audience
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| *Content | articles written by staff, may be unsigned |
articles written by staff or contributing authors |
articles written by contributing authors |
| *Accountability | no bibliographies |
may have short bibliographies |
bibliographies always present |
| Advertisements | (all or most are trade related) |
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| Examples |
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"Peer review" refers to the policy of experts in the field examining journal articles before acceptance for publication. Peer review insures that the research described in a journal's articles is sound and of high quality. Sometimes the term "refereed" is used instead of peer review.
ulrichsweb.com indicates if a journal is considered scholarly and if it's peer-reviewed. Search the for journal title using the "Title (exact)" search option. On the screen with the search results there will be an icon (
) next to the title when the journal is referreed/peer reviewed, and line saying "Referreed: Yes" on the screen with the complete information. For journals not in the Ulrich's database, determine if the journal is peer-reviewed by examining the editorial policy, instructions to authors, and/or the editorial board list of members to determine if the editorial boards and/or consultants are experts in the field.