Native American Languages
Labriola Center
Subject Guide
Compiled by Joyce Martin
The following bibliography lists reference material dealing with Native American languages which is available in the Labriola National American Indian Data Center in the University Libraries. It is not comprehensive, but rather a selective list of resources useful for developing language and vocabulary skills, and/or researching a variety of topics dealing with Native North American languages. Additional material may be found using the ASU Online Catalog and the Arizona Southwest Index. This subject guide is also located on the Labriola Center website at http://www.asu.edu/lib/archives/labriola.htm.
BILINGUAL EDUCATION, CURRICULUM, AND WORKBOOKS
CULTURE, HISTORY, AND LANGUAGE
DICTIONARIES AND GRAMMAR BOOKS
Book of Psalms Translated into the Choctaw Language. New York: American Bible Society, 1913.
BS345 .C63 P73x 1913 HAYDEN Labriola
Cherokee New Testament. Tulsa, Oklahoma: Cherokee Language and Culture, 1995.
BS345 .C45x 1995 HAYDEN Labriola
Collection of Hymns, in Muncey and English, for the Use of the Native Indians, Charles Halfmoon, trans. Toronto: Wesleyan Missionary Society, 1874.
PM1961 .Z71 1874 HAYDEN Labriola
Creek (Muscogee) New Testament Concordance, Reverend Lee Chupco et al. Muskogee, Oklahoma: Indian University Press, Bacone College, 1982.
BS2308 .C9 C93x HAYDEN Labriola
Dakota Wowapi Wakan: the Holy Bible in the Language of the Dakotas, Thomas Williamson and Stephen Riggs, trans. New York: American Bible Society, 1900.
BS345 .D2 1900 HAYDEN Labriola
Inupiat Eskimo Hymnbook, Reverend John R. Chambers and Reverend Samuel Simmonds, eds. Barrow, Alaska: Fellowship Book Store, 1965.
M2132 .E8 I58x 1965 HAYDEN Labriola
Iu Otoshki-Kikindiuin au Tebeniminung Gaie Bemajiinvng Jesus Christ, Ima Ojibue Ineuining Giizhitong = New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ; tr. Into the Language of the Ojibwa Indians. New York: American Bible Society, 1875.
BS345 .O55x 1875 HAYDEN Labriola
Jiosh Wechij O’ohana = The New Testament in O’othham (Papago-Piman), Papago and Pima translators and the Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc. South Holland, Illinois: World Home Bible League, 1975 .
BS345 .O65x 1975 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Arizona
Nakcokv Moses Coyvte Enhvteceskv Ceneses Kihocat: Hepluvlke em Punvkv Enhvtecesdv es Cohoyvte Tohtvlelihocet os = The First Book of Moses, Commonly Called Genesis: Translated from the Original Hebrew into the Muskokee Language. New York: American Bible Society, 1908.
Back to Table of ContentsBS1234 .C8x 1908 HADYEN Labriola
Alaska Native Language: a Bibliographical Catalogue, Part One, Michael Krauss and Mary Jane McGary. Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center, 1980.
PM501 .A4 K7x v.1 HAYDEN Stacks
This catalog contains annotated bibliographic citations of works in or on Alaska Native languages such as Tsimshian, Haida, Comparative Athabaskan, Tliingit, Eyak, Ahtna, Tanaina, Ingalik, Holikachuk, Koyukon, Upper Kuskokwim, Tanana, Tanacross, Upper Tanana, Han and Kutchin.
Analytical Bibliography of Navajo Reading Materials, Bernard Spolsky et al. Washington, D.C.: Office of Education Programs, 1970.
E99 .N3 S68x 1975 HAYDEN Labriola
Designed as a tool for curriculum developers in the area of Navajo language arts, this volume contains both Navajo and English language materials.
Bibliographical Check List of North American Indian Linguistics in the Edward E. Ayer Collection, Edward E. Ayer Collection. Chicago: Newberry Library, 1941.
PM108 .E47x HAYDEN Labriola (Vol. 2 only), HAYDEN Stacks
This reference volume provides a listing by language of the materials preserved in the Newberry Library. James Constantine Pilling’s collection (see below) comprises the core of the Edward E. Ayer books. The check list includes articles, original manuscripts, and printed books on specific dialects.
Bibliography of Educational Publications for Alaska Native Languages, Jane McGary, comp. Juneau: InterAmerica Research Associates, 1979.
PM501 .A4 M34x 1979 HAYDEN Labriola
Organized by individual tribe, this annotated bibliography of educational publications includes general and reference sources, as well as language and reading materials.
Proof-Sheets of a Bibliography of the Languages of the North American Indians, James Constatine Pilling. Washington, D.C.: Government Publications Office, 1885.
Back to Table of ContentsPM108 .P56x HAYDEN Labriola
Pilling’s work lists thousands of language and linguistics books published around the world. It is organized alphabetically by individuals and organizations who wrote about or translated American Indian languages.
BILINGUAL EDUCATION, CURRICULUM, CLASSROOM MATERIAL, AND WORKBOOKS
The Center has an extensive collection of curriculum and beginning level reading materials, as well as materials on developing classroom language curriculum and classroom language activities. Much of the Center’s education and curriculum material can be found through a search in the Arizona Southwest Index. To locate call numbers search the Index using such key word combinations as "Indians of North America" and "Bilingual Education," "Teachers and Teaching," "Curriculum," "Education Programs," or simply "Education." For example, to search the ASU Libraries Online Catalog and the Arizona Southwest Index for information regarding
Native American curriculum, use key words as follows:
INDIANS OF NORTH AMERICA CURRICULUM
To search for information regarding education for a specific group of people, use the name of the language and "curriculum" as follows:
NAVAJO CURRICULUM
A sample of our bilingual education and curriculum material follows:
American Indian Language Development Institute Curriculum Guide, Suzanne Weryackwe, et al. Tempe, AZ: Arizona State University, 1982.
PM205 .A54x v.2 HAYDEN Labriola
83.5 1982 AM 35 v. 2 HAYDEN Archives
This guide provides discussion of philosophy and rationale, as well as curriculum development processes. It includes a model for the Institute, a bilingual curriculum lesson plan, and formats for a language and cultural unit plan, with sections on Hualapai, Havasupai, Papago, Pima, Ute, and Shoshone languages.
Bilingual Education for Navajo Children: The Rough Rock Experience, Paul Rosier and Wayne Holm.
LAB EPH EB-49 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains the results of a study on the effect of bilingual Navajo/English education on the children at Rock Point school in Chinle, Arizona.
Choctaw (Chahta): History, Culture and Language Curriculum Book, Bill Porter. Carmichael, CA: San Juan Unified School District, 1984.
PM871 .P67x HAYDEN Labriola
This volume contains units on Choctaw people and language, including activities, worksheets, quizzes, and tests-all with answer keys.
Indian Curriculum Sharing
LAB EPH EC-216 folders 1 and 2
American Indian curriculum packet, compiled by the Southwest Resource and Evaluation Center, containing units on Miwok culture, Maidu legends, Native American music, food and more.
little Herder Series, Ann Nolan Clark.
PE1130 .I6 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Arizona Collection, HAYDEN Curriculum, WEST Stacks
Classic series of Navajo beginning level readers with text in English and Navajo. Search by Series name in the ASU Libraries Catalog database on the Online Catalog.
Menominee Language Manual: Resource Materials and Training Exercises, Irene Mack, et al. Wisconsin: Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, 1981.
PM1761 .M46x HAYDEN Labriola
A compilation of extensive reference and curriculum materials for Menominee language skills.
Oneida Language Manual: Resource Materials and Training Exercises, Maria Hinton, et al. Wisconsin: Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, 1981.
PM2073 .O65x HAYDEN Labriola
Includes extensive reference and curriculum materials for Oneida language skills.
There are a number of uncataloged language practice materials that can also be viewed. Please ask the Labriola Reference Librarian for assistance. Some of the languages include:
Alaska/Yupik; Apache; Navajo; Cherokee; Cheyenne; Havasupai; Hualapai; Hupa, Zuni; Northwest Coast tribes; Ojibwa; Potawatomi; Blackfeet; Tewa; Tohono O’odham (Papago); Pima; Sioux; Seminole; Oneida; and Winnebago.
CULTURE, HISTORY, AND LANGUAGE
The Labriola Center has material on American Indian language patterns, the association between language and culture, language survival, loss, and renewal.
How to Talk Trash in Cherokee, Don Grooms and John Oocumma. Gainesville, Florida: Downhome Publishing Company, 1989.
PM 783 .H69x 1989 HAYDEN Labriola
Humorous how-to book about making small talk in Cherokee, from saying hello to going shopping to how to get "unlost."
Language Maintenance and Shift in the United States Today: The Basic Patterns and Their Social Implications, Volume 1-Overview and Summary, Volume 2-Native Americans, David E. Lopez. Los Alamitos, CA: National Center for Bilingual Research, 1982.
P119.32 .U6 L66x 1982 v.1-2 HAYDEN Labriola
These volumes contain quantitative material, with discussion, on the maintenance of native languages in the United States.
Language Renewal Among American Indian Tribes: Issues, Problems, and Prospects, Robert Clair and William Leap, eds. Rosslyn, VA: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education, 1982.
PM205 .L36 1982 HAYDEN Labriola
This collection includes a range of articles on the preservation of linguistic heritage among Native Americans.
Native American Verbal Art: Texts and Contexts, William M. Clements. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1996.
PM218 .C54 1996 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN AHF, HAYDEN Stacks, WEST Stacks
A reexamination of the European and Euroamerican written records of the spoken words of Native Americans.
Southwest Languages and Linguistics in Educational Perspective, Gina Cantoni Harvey and M.F. Heiser, eds. San Diego: San Diego State University, 1974.
P21 .S6x 1974 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Stacks, WEST Stacks
Harvey and Heiser compile articles on the relationship between southwestern languages, culture, and literature.
Western Apache Language and Culture: Essays in Linguistic Anthropology, Keith H. Basso. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1990.
Back to Table of ContentsPM2583 .B38 1990 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Arizona
Basso defines some of the central concerns of linguistic anthropology through the close study of Western Apache. He demonstrates how intricacies of language such as place, names, metaphor, and uses of silence, help a people define their existence.
DICTIONARIES AND GRAMMAR BOOKS
The Labriola Center collects dictionaries and grammar books for a variety of Native American languages. Some of the dictionaries include native language-to-English, others English-to-native language, and some are brief vocabularies. To locate the call numbers for these volumes, search the ASU Libraries Online Catalog using the name of the language and "dictionary" as follows:
ALABAMA DICTIONARY
For grammar books, use the name of the language with "grammar" or, as a separate search, "language" as follows:
AKWESASNE MOHAWK GRAMMAR
or
CENTRAL YUPIK LANGUAGE
Some languages represented are:
Ahtna Athabaskan; Alabama; Aleut; Akwesasne Mohawk; Algonquian (Algonkin, Algonquin); Blackfoot; Cahuilla; Central Yupik (Alaska Eskimos); Cherokee; Cheyenne; Chickasaw; Chinook; Chippewa; Choctaw (Chahta); Chukchi; Comanche; Cree; Crow; Cupeño; Dakota; Delaware; Diegueno; Hopi; Hualapai; Iroquois; Kickapoo; Kiowa; Koasti; Lakota; Lushootseed (Puget Salish, Skagit-Nisqually, Snuqualmi); Menominee; Micmac; Muncey (Munsee); Navajo; Nez Perce; Nisenan (a Maidu language); North Slope Inupiaq; Nuxalk; Ojibway (Ojibwa, Ojibwe); Oneida; Papago; Passamaquoddy; Pima; Saanich, North Straits Salish; Sarcee; Siberian Yupik Eskimo (Alaska Eskimo); Shoshoni (Shoshone); Tewa; Tlingit; Western Abenaki; Western Apache; Yakima; Yup’ik Eskimo; and Zuni.
Back to Table of ContentsENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (ESL)
American Indian English, William Leap. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1993.
PE3102 .I55 L4 1993 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Stacks, WEST Stacks
This pioneering work documents and examines the diversity of English in American Indian speech communities. It explores the linguistic and sociolinguistic characteristics of English language use among members of Navajo, Hopi, Ute, Tsimshian, Kotzebue, Ponca, Pima, Lakota, Cheyenne, Laguna, Santa Ana, Isleta, Chilcotin, Seminole, Cherokee, and other American Indian tribes.
Bilingual Language Arts Materials for Native Americans: A Quantitative Review of What Exists and What is Needed, 1979-80, Edward Evans. NABE Journal, Volume 9(2), 1979-80.
LAB EPH EB-29 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains statistics on the amount of speakers of certain North American Indian languages, dictionaries, grammars, primary reading material, adult reading material, and ESL material.
English as a Second Language for Navajos: An Overview of Certain Cultural and Linguistic Factors, Robert Young. Bureau of Indian Affairs, Alburquerque: Government Publication Office, 1967.
PM2006 .Y6x HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Arizona
Young discusses culture, language, cross-cultural communication, phonology, verbs, vocabulary, word order, and parts of speech.
Follow the Leader: English for Speakers of Other Languages. Oklahoma State Department of Education, 1982.
PE1128 .A2 F6x HAYDEN Labriola
This guide presents methods and ideas for the implementation of the language-experience approach to reading for ESL students and includes suggested language lessons, activities, and articles.
Studies in Southwestern Indian English, William Leap, ed. San Antonio: Trinity University, 1976.
PE3963 .L4x HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Stacks
While focusing on English spoken in Isleta, New Mexico, this collection of essays also incorporates materials and research from other tribal communities.
Teaching English for Speakers of Other Languages, William Kniseley. Crownpoint, NM: Dibe Yazhi Habitun Olta, 1983.
PE1130.5 .A57 K65x HAYDEN Labriola
Teaching English provides descriptions, diagrams, and discussion of English language sounds. It includes common pronunciation and grammatical mistakes for Navajo students of English.
Teaching English to Speakers of Choctaw, Navajo and Papago: A Contrastive Approach, Sirapi Ohannessian and William Gage, eds. Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1969.
PE1130.5 .A5 T42x HAYDEN Labriola
This volume makes available to teachers the results from a comparison of English with Choctaw, Navajo, and Papago.
Additional material can be found on the Arizona Southwest Index using such key words as "Indians of North America" and "ESL" or "English as a second language."
Back to Table of ContentsGuide to Materials for English as a Second Language, William Reich and Jennifer Gage, comps. Rosslyn, Virginia: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education, 1981.
PE1128 .A2 R446x HAYDEN Labriola
Includes books, classroom materials, audio and visual aids, and teachers guides. Each entry identifies author, title, publisher, level of materials, skill development, and format with an index for each category.
Guide to Publishers and Distributors Serving Minority Languages, Harpreet Sandhu and Jory Barone, comps. Rosslyn, Virginia: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education, 1979.
P119.315 .S26 HAYDEN Labriola
This guide provides information on minority language publications, including publisher, description of material type, grade level, content area, and language of material.
Handbook of North American Indians. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.
E77 .H25 HAYDEN Labriola Reference, HAYDEN Arizona Reference (vols. 9, 10), HAYDEN Reference, HAYDEN US Government Documents
Published volumes with language sections:
Arctic, David Damas, ed. Volume 5, 1984.
Subarctic, June Helm, ed. Volume 6, 1981.
California, Robert F. Heizer, ed. Volume 8, 1978.
Southwest, Alfonso Ortiz, ed. Volumes 9-10, 1979, 1983.
Great Basin, Warren D’Azevedo, ed. Volume 11, 1986.
Northeast, Bruce Trigger, ed. Volume 15, 1978.
Languages, Ives Goddard, ed. Volume 17, 1996.
The above volumes contain sections on language organized by tribal groups within specific geographic areas. Volume 17 is devoted exclusively to Native American language and linguistics.
Statistical Record of Native North Americans, Marlita Reddy ed. Detroit: Gale Research, 1993.
Back to Table of ContentsE98 .P76 S73 HAYDEN Labriola Reference
This extensive volume contains statistics on Native American languages and is especially thorough for Canadian tribes.
Arapaho
Bambi [videorecording]. Burbank, California: Walt Disney Home Video, 1989.
PN1997.5 .B36x 1989 VIDEO HAYDEN Labriola
An Arapaho language version of Bambi, an animated film about a deer and how the phases of its life parallel the cycle of seasons in the forest.
Blackfoot
Siksikai (Blackfoot) Language Series [Level 1] a Project of the Siksika Curriculum Committee, Vivian Ayoungman and Emma Lee Warrior. Gleichen, Alta: Siksika Nation, 1993.
PM2341 .S55x vol.1-6 HAYDEN Labriola Folio
Contains five student books, a teachers guide, a story book and audio tapes.
Cherokee
Cherokee Study Course I and II, Prentice Robinson. Tulsa, Oklahoma: P. Robinson, 1988.
PM782 .R6x 1988 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains one audio cassette and an accompanying booklet entitled Booklet of Beginning Cherokee Language I and II.
Chickasaw
Introduction to Chickasaw, Gregg Howard. Fayetteville, Arkansas: VIP Publishing Company, 1995.
PM801 .H68x 1995 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains two audio cassettes and a workbook.
Choctaw
Introduction to Choctaw, Charlie Jones. Dallas, Texas: VIP Publishing Company, 1993.
PM872 .K57x 1993 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains two audio cassettes and an accompanying text with exercises.
Lakota
Lakota: A Language Course for Beginners, Oglala Lakota College. Guilford, Connecticut: Audio-Forum, 1989.
PM1024 .Z9 L332x 1989 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains fifteen audio cassettes, a book, and a set of test sheets.
Mowhawk
Kanyen’keha Tewatati or Let’s Speak Mohawk, David Maracle. Guilford, Connecticut: Audio-Forum, 1993.
PM1882 .M37x 1993 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains three audio cassettes and an accompanying text.
Navajo
Basic Medical Navajo: An Introductory Text in Communication, Alan Wilson. Guilford, Connecticut: Audio-Forum, 1972.
PM2007 .W48x 1972 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains one audio cassette and one workbook.
Breakthrough Navajo: an Introductory Course, Alan Wilson. Guilford, Connecticut: Audio-Forum, 1969.
PM2007 .W5x 1969 HAYDEN Labriola, WEST Circulation,
Contains two audio cassettes and one book.
Laughter, the Navajo Way, Alan Wilson and Gene Dennison. Gallup: University of New Mexico, 1970.
PM2007 .W55x HAYDEN Labriola
Contains one audio cassette and one book.
Ojibwe
Ojibwemowin [kit]: the Ojibwe Language, Judith Vollom and Thomas Vollom. Ramsey, Minnesota: Ojibwe Language Publishers, 1994.
PM851 .V64x 1994 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains a teacher’s manual, workbooks, flashcards, one transparency, and audio tapes.
Passamaquoddy
Passamaquoddy. Guilford, Connecticut: Jeffrey Norton Publishers, 1980.
PM2135 .P37x 1980 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains five audio cassettes, one booklet of vowel sounds, and two reference books.
Passamaquoddy Brief Histories. Guildord, Connecticut: Audio-forum, 1988.
PM2135 .P37x 1988 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains one audio cassette and one booklet, includes Passamaquoddy legends.
Pawnee
Pari Pakuru: An Introduction to Spoken Pawnee, David McNeil and Edward Tennant. Pawnee Cultural Retention Center, 1979.
LAB AUDIO AT – 127 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains four sets of six audio cassettes with teacher’s guides and transcriptions.
Salish
Salish: Okanogan/Colville Indian Language, Andy Joseph. Spokane, Washington: Cheney Cowles Museum, 1994.
PM2066 .J67x 1994 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains two audio cassettes and a dictionary/workbook providing thirty lessons in the pronunciation and definition of words and phrases in the Okanogan/Colville Indian language.
Tlingit
Beginning Tlingit, Nora Dauenhauer. Juneau, Alaska: Sealaska Heritage Foundation Press, 1991.
PM2455 .D38x 1991 HAYDEN Labriola
Contains two audio cassettes and one workbook.
Analytical Lexicon of Navajo , Robert W. Young and William Morgan. Alburquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1992.
PM2007 .Y724 1992 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Stacks, WEST Reference
This volume presents an extensive and thorough morphology of the Navajo language.
Comparative Vocabulary of Algonquin Dialects, John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder. Cambridge: J. Wilson and Son, University Press, 1887.
PM605 .H4 HAYDEN Labriola
This volume features comparative vocabulary charts for English, Lenni Lenape, Minsi, Mahicanni, Natick, Chippawe, Shawana, and Nanticok dialects.
Linguistic Classification of Algonquin Tribes, Truman Michelson. Washington: Government Publication Office, 1913.
PM600 .M5x 1913 HAYDEN Labriola
These extracts from the twenty-eighth annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology classify Algonquian languages by linguistic group. Comparative tables between the different linguistic groups are included.
Popular Account of the Kiowa Indian Language, Parker McKenzie and John P. Harrington. Santa Fe: University of New Mexico, 1948.
PM1531 .M3 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Stacks
The study compiles detailed discussions of phonetics, morphomatics, and lexics, as well as a brief text in Kiowa and English.
Semantics of Time: Aspectual Categorization in Koyukon Athabaskan, Melissa Axelrod. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.
PM1594 .A94 1993 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Stacks
Axelrod describes in detail the Koyukon language’s complicated aspectual system with a discussion of verb theme categories and of the function of the system in discourse.
Siouan Languages Archive User’s Handbook, David S. Rood. Boulder: Department of Linguistics, University of Colorado, 1981.
Back to Table of ContentsPM2351 .R66x HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Stacks
Including an index by language, this report describes the contents of the Siouan Languages Archive.
Bibliography of Native North Americans [computer file]. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 1992-
ONLINE ACCESS
This bibliography contains thousands of citations to journal articles, essays, monographs, dissertations, and U.S. Government documents related to Native North American history, culture, language, and life.
ERIC (Educational Resources Information Center). Washington, D.C.: Department of Education, 1966-
ONLINE ACCESS
The ERIC database consists of two files: the Resources in Education (RIE) file of document citations and the Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) file of journal article citations from over 750 professional journals. ERIC compiles current journal articles, abstracts of documents and various publications regarding education research and practice. ERIC contains citations regarding Native American language as it relates to education and bilingual education.
LLBA (Linguistic and Language Behavior Abstracts). San Diego, CA: Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, 1973-
Back to Table of ContentsONLINE ACCESS
Linguistic and Language Behavior Abstracts contains citations and abstracts of articles from approximately two thousand serials, coverage of recent books, and dissertation listings related to linguistics and language.
Do You See What I Mean?: Plains Indian Sign Talk and the Embodiment of Action, Brenda Farnell. Austin: University of Texas, 1995.
E98 .S5 F37 1995 HAYDEN Labriola, HAYDEN Stacks, WEST Stacks
An ethnographic study of the contemporary use of Plains Indian Sign Talk (PST) in Assinboine (Nakota) storytelling.
Indian Signals and Sign Language, George Fronval and Daniel Dubois. Avenel, New Jersey: Random House, 1994.
E98 .S5 F7613 1994 HAYDEN Labriola
This volume describes how to perform 800 Plains Indian signs and includes hundreds of color photographs of people demonstrating signs.
Indian Sign Language, W.P. Clark. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1982.
E98 .S5 C59 1982 HAYDEN Labriola
This work, commissioned by the U.S. Army, was produced in 1885 by Cavalry Officer William Clark after his six years of observation of the language.
North American Indian Sign Language, Karen Liptak. New York: F. Watts, 1990.
E98 .S5 L57 1990 HAYDEN Labriola
Designed for a younger audience, this book includes drawings and instructions for how to perform signs for family, weather, seasons, food, animals, and more.
Universal Indian Sign Language of the Plains Indians of North America, William Tomkins. San Diego: W. Tomkins, 1929.
Back to Table of ContentsE98 .S5 T7 1929 HAYDEN Labriola
This volume contains a list of basic vocabulary words, a codification of pictographic symbols of the Sioux and Ojibway, a dictionary of synonyms, and a brief history of sign language.
Joyce Martin, Labriola National American Indian Data Center
August 1999
Page last modified: August 22, 2007
