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| Neolithic | (2333 BC?) Kojosŏn (=Old Chosŏn or Wanggŏm Chosŏn) | ||
| - Shamanistic - Group of tribal states |
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| Bronze 1200 BC | |||
| 1120 BC | immigration of Kija (Qizi) from Shang to Korea | ||
| Iron 4 C BC | Puyŏ, Ye, The Three Han (Ma Han, Chin Han, Pyŏn Han) | ||
| Wiman Chosŏn (194 BC) | |||
| Han Chinese Commandaries (108 BC; 4 places in the north; 1 lasted until AD 313) | |||
| Three Kingdoms | (Koguryŏ, Paekche, Silla) | ||
| - Festivals (loved dance and music) - Agriculture-based, produced silk - Aristocracy - Buddhism (4C), Confucianism (2C by Han) - Chinese characters (historical literature) |
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| 1. Koguyrŏ [North] | (37 BC - 668 AD) | ||
| - Warriors, initially nomadic - Vast land but not suitable for farming - Close ties with (N.) Wei - Exported fish and salt to China |
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| 2. Paekche [Southwest] | (18 BC - 660 AD) | ||
| - Farming, started from Han River region - Close ties with Japan and S. China (Wu) - Introduced Confucian classics to Japan |
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| 3. Shilla [Southeast] | (57 BC - 935 AD) | ||
| - Farming, started from Naktong River region - Annexed Kaya (532) - Bone-Quality Ranks, Hwarang - Close ties with Japan |
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| Unified Silla | (668 - 935) | ||
| - Strong Buddhism - Active Siniticization and social reform - Cultural advancement |
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| Koryŏ | (918-1392) Clan name: Wang | ||
| - Strong Buddhism - Neo-Confucianism from Song China - Sinitic administration -- Kwagŏ (Civil Service Exam) - Foreign invasions by Khitan (Liao), Jurchen (Jin), Mongol (Yuan), and Japan - Military revolt (Ch'oe) -> weakened sovereignty - Aristocracy (land grant) |
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| Chosŏn | (1392-1909) Clan name: Yi | ||
| - Government system [King - Prime Minister - 6 Ministries] - Discouraged Buddhism, upheld Confucianism - Yangban (Literati) aristocracy [Kwagŏ + land grant] -> Yangban politics: Party system under strong kingship - Literary Officers respected more than Military Officers - Foreign powers - China (Ming and Qing) Japan (Imjin War 1592-1598) |
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| Post-Imjin Chosŏn and Chosŏn renaissance (17-18 C.) | |||
| - Perfection of Neo-Confucianism and literati culture - Increase of free peasants and merchants - Rise of popular/vernacular culture - New ideas: Catholicism, Silhak (Pragmatic Learning) |
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| Decline of Chosŏn | (19-20 C.) | ||
| - Problems of Yangban politics - Incompetent kings - Shattered harmony among social classes - Change in the outside world |
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School of International Letters and Cultures |
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